# Internet Computer (ICP) Quantum Readiness Report

> Internet Computer has a QRI score of 2/100 and is assessed at Stage 1 (Quantum Risk Assessed) with high evidence confidence.

Evaluation date: 2026-06-05. Review status: draft. Evaluated scope: Native asset, consensus, and cross-chain canister signatures.

The Internet Computer (ICP) relies entirely on classical cryptography for its core L1 operations. Consensus, finality, and randomness are secured via Threshold BLS, while native spend authorization and cross-chain canister signing (Chain Fusion) use Threshold ECDSA, Threshold Schnorr (BIP340), and Ed25519. All of these schemes are vulnerable to quantum attacks via Shor's algorithm. While DFINITY acknowledged the quantum threat in a 2021 NNS governance proposal (Proposal 35660) and the community has experimented with application-layer PQ signature verification inside canisters, there is no active L1 mitigation design, prototype, or testnet. The protocol's architecture supports crypto-agility and upgrades without hard forks, but the production environment remains fully exposed to long-term quantum risk.

## Core resources

- [Internet Computer QRI report](https://qrindex.org/projects/internet-computer/): Human-readable assessment with score, stage, evidence, blockers, risks, and assurance notes.
- [Internet Computer structured report data](https://qrindex.org/projects/internet-computer/report.json): Complete report as JSON for deterministic machine processing.
- [QRI methodology](https://qrindex.org/methodology/): Scoring model, evidence handling, readiness stages, confidence, assurance, and report status.
- [All QRI project reports](https://qrindex.org/llms.txt): Score-ranked index of every published project assessment.
- [Internet Computer official website](https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/internet-computer): Project-maintained website.



## Evidence sources

- [Evidence source 1](<https://learn.internetcomputer.org/hc/en-us/articles/34207558615956-Consensus>): Public source cited by the Internet Computer QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 2](<https://docs.internetcomputer.org/concepts/chain-key-cryptography/>): Public source cited by the Internet Computer QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 3](<https://internetcomputer.org/whitepaper.pdf>): Public source cited by the Internet Computer QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 4](<https://learn.internetcomputer.org/hc/en-us/articles/34209497587732-Chain-Key-Signatures>): Public source cited by the Internet Computer QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 5](<https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org/proposal/35660>): Public source cited by the Internet Computer QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 6](<https://ledgerlife.io/icp-pushes-quantum-safe-security-with-new-canister-implementation/>): Public source cited by the Internet Computer QRI assessment.