# Usual USD (USD0) Quantum Readiness Report

> Usual USD has a QRI score of 2/100 and is assessed at Stage 1 (Quantum Risk Assessed) with high evidence confidence.

Evaluation date: 2026-06-06. Review status: draft. Evaluated scope: ERC-20 RWA-backed stablecoin token (USD0) including token-specific admin/governance keys, bridge dependencies (Chainlink CCIP, LayerZero), and RWA collateral dependency chain. Host-chain quantum risk is inherited from Ethereum and respective L1/L2 chains..

Usual USD (USD0) is a ~$562M market cap RWA-backed ERC-20 stablecoin deployed across Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, and BNB Chain. The QRI evaluation finds no evidence of quantum readiness: no public cryptographic inventory, no quantum risk assessment, no post-quantum cryptography implementation, and no quantum migration roadmap. All spend authorization is ECDSA-only (inherited from host EVM chains). Token-specific admin/governance keys are controlled by a 5/9 ECDSA multisig without timelock. Cross-chain infrastructure (Chainlink CCIP, LayerZero) and RWA collateral dependencies (Hashnote USYC, BlackRock BUIDL, Circle USDC, etc.) all rely on classical cryptography. The 20+ classical security audits provide strong classical assurance but no quantum-specific review. The project receives a QRI Score of 2 (Stage 1: Quantum Risk Assessed). The protocol has not publicly acknowledged quantum computing as a risk to its security model.

## Core resources

- [Usual USD QRI report](https://qrindex.org/projects/usual-usd/): Human-readable assessment with score, stage, evidence, blockers, risks, and assurance notes.
- [Usual USD structured report data](https://qrindex.org/projects/usual-usd/report.json): Complete report as JSON for deterministic machine processing.
- [QRI methodology](https://qrindex.org/methodology/): Scoring model, evidence handling, readiness stages, confidence, assurance, and report status.
- [All QRI project reports](https://qrindex.org/llms.txt): Score-ranked index of every published project assessment.
- [Usual USD official website](https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/usual-usd): Project-maintained website.



## Evidence sources

- [Evidence source 1](<https://docs.usual.money/>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 2](<https://tech.usual.money/>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 3](<https://usual.money/blog>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 4](<https://tech.usual.money/security-and-audits/audits>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 5](<https://etherscan.io/token/0x73a15fed60bf67631dc6cd7bc5b6e8da8190acf5>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 6](<https://docs.usual.money/resources-and-ecosystem/fact-sheets/usual-products/usd0>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 7](<https://docs.usual.money/usual-products/usd0-stablecoin>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 8](<https://pq.ethereum.org/>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 9](<https://ethereum.org/roadmap/future-proofing/quantum-resistance/>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 10](<https://tech.usual.money/overview/architecture/role-management>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 11](<https://tech.usual.money/smart-contracts/token-contracts/usd0>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 12](<https://usual.money/blog/usual-adopts-the-chainlink-standard>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 13](<https://llamarisk.com/research/pegkeeper-onboarding-usd0>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 14](<https://docs.usual.money/usual-products/usual-governance-token/usual-governance>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 15](<https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/usual-usd/>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 16](<https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/usual-usd>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 17](<https://defillama.com/stablecoin/usual-usd>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 18](<https://docs.usual.money/start-here/faq>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.
- [Evidence source 19](<https://tech.usual.money/overview/architecture>): Public source cited by the Usual USD QRI assessment.